Plant-based protein that packs a punch! CanolaPRO®: novel plant-based protein for ready-to-mix protein powders
30 Sep 2021 | DSM Food Specialties
As the plant-based revolution gathers pace and starts conquering the health & sport nutrition segment, we’re beginning to see subtle yet important differences emerge between different consumer segments: from ‘weight managers’ looking for delicious yet nutritious protein; to fitness enthusiasts striving for high performance and easy digestibility (without soy); to consumers with sustainability concerns searching for high-protein foods.
In all cases, ready-to-mix protein powders have the potential to meet these needs and now, there’s a new plant-based protein that can help you achieve this while also tasting great without the lumps and grittiness or aftertaste that consumers have come to expect when drinking plant-based protein powder drinks.
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Hello and welcome to all of our listeners tuning in from around the world to today's Nutrition Insight webinar.
I'm Catherine Durrell and I'll be moderating your webinar today.
For those of you who are joining for the first time, I'm the platform editor of CNS Media, which is a publisher of the World of Food Ingredients, Food Ingredientsfirst.com, and NutritionInsight.com.
Before we dive in, I've got a little bit of housekeeping.
So, firstly, you can submit your questions through the Q&A engagement tool.
And any questions that we don't have time to respond to during this webinar will be answered via email afterwards.
Additionally, this presentation will be available on demand on nutritionInsight.com, and a link to this will also be emailed to you.
Today's webinar is presented by DSM and it's entitled Plant-based protein that Packs a Punch, Canolaro, a novel plant-based protein for ready to mix protein powders.
The plant-based trend has been on everyone's mind.
It seems that there is not a sector that hasn't been touched.
The health and sports nutrition segment is no exception, with subtle yet important differences emerging between consumer segments.
For example, weight managers are seeking tasty but nutrition nutritious protein, while fitness enthusiasts prioritize performance and easy digestibility.
One product addressing this is canolaro, a highly soluble nutritional and functional protein isolate.
It's derived from non-GMO canola and delivers a high digestibility score and a complete amino acid profile.
Today's webinar will delve into how it can help you stand out from the pack.
But first, let's meet today's speakers from DSM Food Specialties.
Melanie Luangratz is the director of new business development.
She currently leads the commercial team at DSM Proteins of the Future, with Canolaro as the first specialty protein of DSM's protein portfolio.
Next, we have applications manager Barbara Jacobs, who's been with DSM since 2017.
She manages the application efforts for Canolaro and spearheads the development of demo products for both plant-based, dairy and meat alternatives.
Finally, we have Micah Browns, who's lead scientist of nutrition.
In her current role, she advocates for good nutrition through translating science into digestible messages.
Proteins, micronutrients, and digestive enzymes are among her expertise areas.
Oh, no, I hand the presentation over to Melanie.
Thank you, Catherine.
I appreciate the introduction.
It's great to be speaking with all of you today.
Shortly about DSM and its purpose-led performance-driven journey.
As recently announced, DSM has made the strategic decision to fully focus its resources and capabilities to address the societal and environmental challenges linked to the way the world produces and consumes food.
DSM is committed to meaningfully contribute to 3 areas where the company believes it can make the greatest positive impact together with its business partners.
These three areas are health for people, health for the planet, and healthy livelihoods.
And these commitments support the UN Sustainable Development Goals 23, 12, and 2013, with DSM planning to report its progress yearly in its annual reports.
And the development and commercialization of canolaro, a novel complete plant protein, contributes to the SDG of good health and -being.
And responsible consumption and production.
We also witness strongly and very clearly that consumers are demanding more from the food they buy and eat.
They have increasing expectations from the product they consume towards their health, and sustainability is also a growing driver in the purchase decision.
Much of it has been accelerated with the pandemic.
As consumers are seeking more sustainable products while aiming to improve their health, plant-based protein alternative has sprung up to respond to such demands.
All these drivers have far-reaching implications.
As they bring challenges and opportunities that food and beverage product manufacturers face with bringing plant-based alternatives to the market.
That's where innovation comes into play.
Companies like DSM continuously innovate and accelerate its solutions for sustainably produced plant-based food and beverage that provide a tasty and nutritious alternative to meat or dairy.
Examples include solutions for a better taste, texture, and mouth feel in the plant-based powdered drinks, which with my colleagues, Barbara and Mike, we will describe in more detail during this webinar.
We need innovation in agriculture and technologies that in order to serve a growing global population with healthy nutrition.
Delicious and sustainable solution from the same amount of land.
And the development of Canola Pro by DSM is simply an innovation in such a category.
Several years ago, DSM aimed to develop a functional ingredient with applicability in several food and beverage applications to strengthen its portfolio and meet this growing demand, as it is estimated that the global population is going to grow to over 9 billion by 2050.
Therefore, the overall food consumption will increase, and the increased food demand is going to be out of balance with the amount of arable land left on the planet.
So far, canola or rapeseed, the two terminologies variously used, has been an untapped resource for human consumption.
That could be used as a solution for the increased need for nutritious and sustainable proteins.
And rapeseed is already grown for the production of vegetable oil and animal feed.
And globally it is the 3rd leading source of oil after palm and soy.
And the meal that remains after pressing still contains about 30-40% of highly valuable protein.
So the question is, Why is it still today?
All of the meal or press cake is used for animal feed.
So DSM has created the technology to enable the use of rapeseed for human consumption as a high quality protein.
And Canola Pro feeds the changing trends and demands of consumers nowadays without using more arable lands.
Last year, DSM commissioned a third-party, Blanc Blanc Consultant, to measure carbon dioxide footprint of common plant proteins.
As shown on screen, this study demonstrates that canoaro has a lower footprint than animal-based proteins and soy.
And for instance, we can notice that processing of canola pro is among the lowest of its as it does not make use of environmentally questionable chemicals like hexene.
Turning to sports and active lifestyle nutrition, we see a dynamic market segment where plant-based preferences are on the rise.
As consumers in this category have sustainability as a growing purchase driver.
And sustainability is cited as a major reason for consumers to adopt plant-based proteins.
Clearly, it is an evolving market segment, as it is attracting new customers and is no longer considered a niche segment only for high-level athletes.
And data from market research indicate that it has moved to become more mainstream, and many research studies attribute this shift.
To the general rise in consumer interest in personal health, fitness, and -being.
More and more it is also termed active nutrition.
Consequently, there is shifting expectations over a range of functional benefits as people strive to become fitter and faster, healthier and stronger, heavier or lighter, and they explicitly seek out products that promise to help them reach their physical goals.
We'd like to share also the approach that DSM took in developing solutions in ready to mix powdered drinks that are tasty, nutritious, and good for the planet.
In order to guide very concretely the product application development for this project, we wanted to make sure to first and foremost, we listen and understand consumers' expectations.
We run a bespoke consumer studies among users of red to mix powdered drinks for fitness enthusiasts and for wet managers.
And the research study results presented the most important benefits in ready to mix.
It identified the potential gaps in this space, but also the perceived strengths of weakness and weaknesses of the category for those two target segments.
We also conducted a sensorial and technical study of already commercialized ready to mix products, as as a benchmark of commercial protein commonly used in ready to mix products.
And the combined output has provided the guidance for the application development team for Canola Probe-based prototypes in this ready to mix cat category.
Before moving to the technical and functional benefits of Canoa Pro in the Ready to Mix Space by Barbara, a short video about Canola Pro.
Indeed, times are changing.
Nobody can deny the plant-based trend anymore.
Like Melanie explained in more detail before, with the introduction of canola pro, DSM will further level up on health, nutrition, and sustainability without neglecting enjoyment, taste, and nutrition.
This can be achieved via a range of different applications like shown in the video, but of course focus of today is ready to mix plant-based powder shakes or in short, RTM.
We have developed a set of tasty and nutrition demonstration RTMs to showcase the benefits of canola pro in sports and active lifestyle nutrition.
Specific focus areas, sports nutrition, and weight management.
Flavors of choice are most commonly used chocolate and vanilla for both areas.
The protein delivery is different between these areas, where fitness enthusiasts and weight managers have different needs in protein content.
The sports nutrition RTM we developed contains 21 g of protein per serving, where the weight management RTM delivers 16 g of proteins per serving.
All demos are formulated with a blend of canolapo and pea protein to optimize taste, nutrition, and performance.
With this high level introduction of canola poe and the developed prototypes, obvious next question to answer in more detail is what canola poe can offer compared to other plant-based proteins in a ready to mix shake.
To explain our functional benefits, I would like to start at the beginning.
For the production of canola pro, DSM has developed a very mild process, starting with cold pressing the rapeseed, canola seeds to obtain the oil, a process where no solvents are used.
No solvents are used during the extraction of the proteins from the breasted cake either.
This mild patented process has led to a protein isolate with over 92% of protein that is still very soluble at ambient temperatures over the whole pH range.
Canola pole being an isolate of which the protein part is highly soluble in an RTM shake, it will ensure a low viscosity and a smooth mouthfeel without chalky or sandiness.
Another unique feature of canola po is nutrition.
Canolapo offers a full nutritional profile, being a complete protein high in sulfur-containing amino acids.
More detail on the nutritional benefits will be given by my colleague Michael later.
Next to solubility and nutrition, I would like to highlight some claims that can be used when canolapo is part of the formulation.
Canola pro is extracted from non-GMO only canola and rapeseed, sourced from European crop.
Canolaro is not part of the big 8 allergen group, and the canola pro from our commercial plant will be guaranteed gluten-free.
The obvious claim to make with canolapo in a formulation are of course dairy-free or vegan if you prefer, and soy-free.
Going into a bit more detail on the solubility from the graph on screen, it is clear that canola pole is highly soluble compared to other plant proteins and in that sense very comparable to whey.
When bringing canola poe in solution, there will be no issues on chalky or sandy mouthfeel.
Even higher inclusion levels of canola poe do not make a product more viscous, in this case, a shake.
As mentioned before from our own consumer research study, we have learned that fitness enthusiasts have a different attitude and needs than weight managers related to product delivery.
One of the elements that both groups find appealing is a creamy and smooth mouthfeel that is not mouth coating.
Using canola poe is beneficial to enable smooth, non-viscous texture to an RTM shape.
Before talking about nutrition later, let's first have a look at sensory, starting from the unformulated plant proteins.
I guess the audience today is very much aware of the sensory challenges that you come across working with plant proteins.
Although there is some overlap in certain sensorial attributes between the different plant proteins, it is not easy to find one common solution to minimize unwanted attributes that will fit all plant proteins.
The spider onscreen clearly shows the sensorial challenge of the different plant proteins.
This spider is the result of a QDA, a qualitative descriptive analysis, where we have evaluated canola p, soy, rice, and pea protein in a 2% solution in water on the main descriptors of plant proteins.
Starting at the top of the spider, it is clear that the less soluble proteins like pea and rice will give a powdery mouth feel.
Some might describe it as chalky or sandy, depending on the particle size or sensitivity in mouth.
Moving to the right side of the spider, it shows that rice has a more neutral flavor profile, where soy and pea bring a grainy, beany carpet flavor to the solution.
Canolapo is very different from the bean or grain extruded proteins, very clear from the orange line in the spider plot.
The attributes we use to describe the sensory profile of canola poe is licorice.
Over the years, other descriptors such as flowery or green have been used to.
Another attribute to describe canola poe is sweetness.
It's a sweet lingering aftertaste, unlike the sweetness that you would get from sucrose, which appears at the start.
It's more like a sweetener.
The attribute comes later and lingers in the aftertaste.
This sensory study of course does not represent how users of RTM will experience canola po.
They will not consume canolapo in a 2% solution but at even higher inclusion rates in a formulated ready to mix shake.
Therefore, a sensory study was conducted on the RTM demos that were presented earlier to showcase the performance of these demos versus in existing commercial products.
First, I will present the sensory result of the QDA that was done on the weight management RTM.
Excuse me.
Starting the development of the RTM, we wanted it to match the current standard in vegan, non-soy plant-based waste management RTMs.
Therefore, we have run a sensorial and technical study of already existing commercial products to choose the most relevant reference for our application development.
This reference is also used in the sensory analysis.
To enrich our sensorial data, we had a third party conducting this study, bringing relevant attributes for formulated prototypes, more specifically for RTMs.
As a reminder, in weight management, we have developed a chocolate and vanilla RTM with 16 g of proteins per serving, where a serving is 35 g of powder and 240 mL of water or other liquid of choice.
In this study we have used tap water.
In the first spider you see here is on the chocolate RTM.
The significant attributes are highlighted with a circle.
The light green circles show attributes where DSM demo has a higher score.
The darker circle shows where the commercial products score significantly higher.
The results of this QDA in the chocolate RTM shows the clear benefit of combining pea with canola pearl instead of a pea rice combination in a commercial product.
The chalkiness is significantly improved by using a combination of canolapo and pea in the DSM prototype versus pea and brown rice in the commercial product.
Other attributes where the canola po-based RTM scores significantly lower are the off-aroma, off flavor, and protein flavor.
The DSM prototype scores higher in cacao flavor, sweetness aftertaste, and total aroma, attributes that can easily be influenced by formulation and not so much driven by protein source used.
In the second spider plot, the same type of evaluation was done on the vanilla prototype.
The same trend can be seen again.
The commercial product is a combination of pea and brown rice, where the prototype with canola po significantly improves smoothness of the shake and reduces off flavor and protein flavor.
The sports nutrition RTMs have been analyzed in a comparable sensory study.
Again, just to remind you on what we have developed, 2 shakes, 1 chocolate and 1 vanilla.
Proteins preserving in this prototype is 21 g, higher than in weight management.
In this case, one serving is 40 g of powder to be added to 240 mL of water or other liquid.
Again, we have used tap water in this study.
The choice of commercial reference for sports nutrition is also based on the sensorial and technical study of already existing commercial products.
In this case, on vegan, non-soy plant-based sport nutrition RTM.
The spider can be read in the same way as the spider in the previous slide.
Interesting to see that it shows a different picture overall in sports nutrition.
The protein level is higher preserving, and in the first spider on the chocolate RTM, it stands out very clear that higher protein levels cause higher viscosity when non-soyuble proteins such as pea, pumpkin, and sunflower in this specific commercial product are used.
Solubility of canola pole again is key when higher inclusion levels are needed, but increase of viscosity is unwanted.
The DSM prototypes score significantly higher on cacao flavor, bitterness, and astringency.
Where bitterness and astringency can be linked to the cacao profile as as aftertaste and total aroma.
On the vanilla spider again, viscosity and chalkiness score significantly higher on the commercial reference versus the DSM prototype.
In this commercial product, like in the products that we evaluated for weight management, a combination of the less soluble plant proteins, pea and rice are used.
The solubility of canola pole in the DSM prototypes is clearly beneficial to reduce viscosity and chalkiss.
The other significantly higher score in the commercial product is off flavor.
The DSM prototype with canola poe has a higher score on vanilla flavor, sweetness, and aftertaste, but the combination of sweetness and aftertaste could be influenced by the use of canola poe or by formulation, which is unclear from this specific spider.
This concludes my part on functional and sensorial benefits.
Now, I will hand over to my colleague, Michael Brands, who will share with you in more detail the nutritional benefits of canola Pro.
Thank you, Barbara.
In my presentation, I will provide an overview of the outstanding nutritional characteristics of Canola Pro and how that could be interesting for sports nutrition.
It's generally accepted by the FAO that the protein quality of protein is determined by two factors.
First of all, the essential amino acid composition of the protein as compared to what is required by humans, and secondly, how the protein is digested and absorbed in the GI tract.
So those are the two components of a protein quality for human nutrition.
And without going into the details, in 1991, the FAO has established a method to determine protein quality that was called the PDK methods, and this method makes use of measuring digestibility at the end of the large intestinal tract.
However, later in 2030, the FAO has recommended and adjusted this method and called it the DA method, and this method measured amanoests at the end of the small intestinal tracts rather.
However, till now, the DIAS method is not really used because it's very difficult to conduct as compared to the PDK methods and also for regulatory purposes, often the PDK method is still used as a method to measure protein quality and usually you see the protein quality is reported as PDK scores.
Now, in the next slide, what you see actually is that The, this shows the PDK's values as a measure of protein quality and PDKs are always truncated at the value of one because values higher than one are not considered.
And this graph shows the PDKs values of the different protein isolates.
It shows milk proteins casing and whey in blue and it shows plant proteins in green.
And you see, for instance, canola Pro is highlighted in a dark green and other protein isolates like soy, beef, rice and wheat in lighter green.
And what you can see is that the PDK's value of canalopro was 1.0, so equally high as that for case and whey, and it was also equally high as compared to soy protein.
And the PDK value of canoopro was higher than that of pea, rice and wheat.
Now, in the next slide, what you will see is, a, a bit of a history of Canola Pro.
So, this study was conducted by Boss and colleagues and published in the Journal of Nutrition.
What they actually did, they conducted the study in humans, and the authors of the study, they concluded our findings show that canola protein could be of great interest to human nutrition.
In particular, the high protein biological value of the rapeseed protein is remarkable, presumably due to high levels of indispensable amino acids and particularly the high sulfur amino acids which are basically cysteine and methionine.
So therefore, canola protein was identified at that time as a highly promising plant protein.
Not.
If you, look at canola protein, it is very rich in amino acids, but especially in cysteine.
If you compare canola pro with other proteins, it stands out in cysteine content as you can see in this graph on the right.
And why is cysteine so important, especially during and after exercise, The, the reason for that is that during prolonged and high intensity exercise, this can result in oxidative stress, oxidative damage in the skeletal tissue, in the muscle.
So oxidative stress and damage that can lead to muscle fatigue and glutathione is one of the main enzymes in the muscle tissue that is needed to protect against oxidative stress.
Now this amino acid cysteine, which I mentioned, it is the primary building block for glutathione.
It ensures there is sufficient glutathione available in the muscle and to protect against oxidative.
Damage And since canolaro is rich in cysteine, it is a protein that can support glutathione production that is important to intense, exercise and also after exercise.
Most plant proteins are used for, ready to mix protein powders if they are based on plants for sports nutrition.
They include, for instance, legume-based proteins or cereal-based proteins.
And as you can show, as you can see in the left, part of the slide, the left tops, legume proteins like soy, pea, chickpea, they can be limiting in cysteine and they can be limiting in methionine.
And cereal proteins like wheat, rice, ma, they can be limiting in lysine.
Now canola pro is rich in both the cysteine and methionine as as in lysine and therefore it is ideal to complement limiting amino acids in most of the plant proteins.
So canola pro can be complementary to both legume proteins and cereal proteins.
And therefore it's suitable to mix with plant-based proteins so it can compensate for the limiting amino acids.
This graph shows an example of blending of pea protein isolate with canola proprotein.
In the left graph, you see the amounts of protein in a ready to mix powder, so the amounts in grams, and left you see pea protein only and on the right you see a blend.
With P, isolate, and canola pro in a ratio of 1 to 4.
In the right graph, you see the PD case values of the proteins either as Pisolate alone or as a blend P mixed with canola pro in a ratio 1 to 4.
Now, on the left, You see that a canola pro can be blended at 20% and in the right you see that if you blend it at 20%, you can increase your PDKse value or your protein quality from 0.73 with Pisolate only to a value of 1 when you blend in canola Pro.
So at the same amount of protein, by blending with canola Pro you can top up your PDKs and your protein quality.
And with that, I'd like to conclude my overview of the nutritional characteristics of Canola Pro and back to Melanie who will detail the way forward on Canola pro commercial commercialization as as some practicalities.
Thank you.
Thank you, Mikey.
Now I'd like to share beyond the technical, functional, and nutritional details already shared with you.
I want to briefly mention briefly mention that canola is approved for use in Europe, in the US and other countries, and we are at different stages of approval in the rest of the world.
Of course, we can share more details upon request.
Lastly, a short update on production and commercialization.
We are moving to full-scale manufacturing in a joint venture with Avil Group, a French market leader in vegetable oil production.
Therefore, we have full control of the ecosystem from seed to the protein isolate with security of supply.
And our first commercial product from a dedicated production facility in France will be available in 2022.
Currently, we have samples available from our pilot plant in Delft, in the Netherlands, and if you are interested, please get in touch with our team.
Now I hand over to Catherine for the Q&A section.
Great.
Thank you very much for that interesting presentation.
So this is Catherine Durrell from Nutrition Insight, and I'm back now to host a Q&A session.
We already have some interesting questions, so I'll get right into it with this first one, which looks like it could be for Micah.
One person wants to know, can canola Pro be consumed as RTM before or after exercise?
Yeah, yeah, I can take that one.
Canolaro has a very complete amana acid profile that very matches the protein requirements for humans, so, , it, it, it can be used during workout, before workout, after workouts, both to support the, the, the, the, the muscle synthesis and the protein synthesis during sports and also the, the protein that has, Lost during exercise, so that it can recover the protein, due to its complete amino acid profile, I would say it's an ideal protein for sports people.
And yeah, in case of any inquiries, always you can contact our commercial team.
Great.
Thank you.
I think this next one is also one that maybe you can take where someone says, is canolaro also suitable as protein supplementation for sarcopenia?
Yes, also for people with sarcopenia, it's important to consider, protein sources that are high in quality.
And have a, a, a good Amana as a profile.
And it, and it's also very mindful to select, protein source, when recommending to people with sarcopenia, a protein source that is, of good, protein quality.
So, yes, I would say it's could also be, very suitable to improve muscle strength and, and muscle function for, older adults with sarcopenia.
Thank you.
Why did you develop a Canola Pro RTM with a fifty-fifty blend with pea?
Maybe this is something for Barbara.
Yeah, sure.
We have developed canola po RTM with fifty-fifty blend, as blending is very commonly used in RTM formulation.
Of course, we have aimed to create a positive synergy between canolapo and pea, and we had to balance taste, nutrition, and mouthfeel.
And therefore we have taken the advantage of the most valuable attributes of both proteins.
And then the sensory analysis performed over the development of the prototype helped us to create this right balance.
So it was not, of course, first time, right.
We have done some, , evaluations and further development, and we have seen that this fifty-fifty blend would be, gave us the results that we were looking for.
So the right balance in terms of, tastes, nutrition, and mouthfeel.
And those were the ones that we've presented today during the webinar.
And of course, we are happy to share with, with customers that are interested in having a look at our demos, and for this, the commercial team can be, , you can reach out to our commercial team, sorry.
Great.
And Melanie, maybe you could speak a little bit more about exactly how you can guarantee a GMO-free product.
Sure, great question, and thank you for the question because we, we only source European seeds, so we are going to be non-GMO by definition and the production of canoa pro in from a manufacturing plant in France will be GMO free for sure.
Great.
And , Barbara, why doesn't canola Pro have any impact on the viscosity of the RTM shake?
Canola Pro, is an, is an isolate, which in this case, , in for canola Pro, this fixes a minimum of 92% pure protein, and, we are very proud that this protein is so soluble, and that's why we always like to repeat this, this great functionality.
And like, for example, if you, if you put sugar or salt into a solution, it will not give any viscosity because it is, it will completely solubilize.
The same will happen with the canola pole, and therefore there will be no viscosity increase, with, like with sugar and salt, it will not happen with canola pole either.
It's really mainly due to the high solubility.
Thank you.
And is it just protein that's important for muscles, or do micronutrients also have a role?
Maybe mica, you could take this one.
Yes, that's an interesting question.
Many people may not realize that, it's not only protein that is important, during sports, but also vitamins and minerals play a key role.
That, for instance, if you think about About minerals like magnesium and, and, and calcium, they play a role in, in the electrolyte balance and also in, in the muscle contractions.
Another example is vitamin D which plays, plays an important role in muscle function and so it's.
Yeah, it's also interesting to consider those vitamins and minerals, and there's more and within our development of our ready to mix powders and prototypes, we, for instance, try to develop a prototype that combines vitamin D with Canola Pro so that we can deliver the benefits of both protein and vitamins.
Great.
And shifting back over to Barbara, there's currently been an increase in clear protein drinks and on the go formats.
So could canolaro also be used in these types of applications?
Yeah, of course, this is in a different area than the RTMs that we have just discussed.
Usually these products are low pH beverages.
Canolapo is soluble at these low pH levels and will give a clear drink.
To be fair, canolapo will influence color of this drink.
In combinations with the right flavors, this will not be a problem and could be a great product.
Great.
I think we've got time for one more question.
So I'll go for this one, which is also for you, Barbara.
There are a lot of flavored RTMs on the market.
Will the taste of canola Probe be compatible with different RTM flavors?
In other words, can the application also be used for other flavors or is it only neutral?
For this answer, I'm also thinking, about the other applications that we have developed as, RTM is not, our, our only focus.
In our product concept development so far, for RTMs, we have focused on the two most popular flavors in this area.
But other flavors are possible with Canola Pro.
From other work that we've done, we have seen that it works with warm flavors like vanilla and chocolate in this case, but also caramel, cookie type of flavor like cookie dough, or in combination with nuts or peanuts.
But, in other areas, we have also seen that canola oil combines with certain fruits.
For example, in our dairy alternative range, we have looked at fruits as.
So it will really depend on, on the type of application and formulation, but you can have a diverse portfolio of flavors.
Great.
Thank you so much.
I think that that concludes today's Q&A session, but I'd really like to thank everyone for tuning in to today's webinar brought to you by DSM.
Just to remind you that all the questions that we didn't have time to get to today will be answered via email.
You can also keep an eye on your inbox for an on-demand version of this very webinar, which will be sent to you shortly.
Finally, you can keep up with all of the latest developments in nutrition news at nutritionInsight.com, where you can also sign up to our newsletters.
Enjoy your day, everyone.
