Oral curcumin offers “no benefit” in reducing inflammation following vascular surgery: Study

30 Oct 2018 --- Oral curcumin provides no benefits in preventing inflammation and complications in patients undergoing elective surgery for aortic aneurysm repair, according to a trial published in Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ). These findings show that the nutrition industry should be careful about espousing the health benefits of natural products until their beneficial effects are proven in rigorously conducted human clinical trials, the researchers tell NutritionInsight.

“Turmeric has been used for thousands of years in Indian and Chinese medicine and curcumin continues to gain popularity today as a natural health supplement,” says Dr. Amit Garg, Department of Medicine, Western University, and Lawson Health Research Institute, Canada.

“In this randomized trial, the largest to date, perioperative oral curcumin did not ameliorate the complications of elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair,” he says.

Despite the increasing popularity of curcumin and many animal studies highlighting its benefit, few rigorous clinical trials have looked at its effects in humans, the researchers note. One single-center study found that curcumin was associated with lower biomarkers for inflammation after coronary bypass surgery. However, this Canadian study enrolled five times the number of patients at ten hospitals for a different type of procedure to test the hypothesis that curcumin reduces inflammation and improves outcomes of surgery.

Researchers included 606 patients scheduled for elective surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm repair at 10 Canadian hospitals. Participants were randomized to receive high-dose oral curcumin (2000mg twice a day over four days) or placebo before surgery. Study results showed no positive effect of curcumin on inflammation compared with placebo, and, in secondary analyses, an increased risk of post-surgical kidney damage was uncovered in patients in the curcumin group.

“Our findings emphasize the importance of testing turmeric and curcumin in rigorous human clinical trials before espousing any health benefits, as is currently done in popular media,” Garg says.

In response to the study, Drs. Kirsten Patrick and Matthew Stanbrook, Deputy Editors of the CMAJ note, “No one should be shocked by the findings of the study by Garg and colleagues. This is how science works. It's deeply disappointing when a promising compound is shown to be no better than nothing. But it happens every day.”

“Natural health products are not subject to the same rigorous evaluation as pharmaceutical products and we need studies that evaluate these products. Many people assume that natural products are safe, but many natural substances, such as caffeine and tobacco, can be harmful.”

“Natural health products should be subject to a high standard of scientific testing, journals should publish and promote these high-quality studies for the public good, and purveyors of natural health products need to be as willing – or should be regulated to be as willing – to admit that their health claims are wrong when good science demonstrates them to be so,” they conclude.

By Laxmi Haigh