As research on the adverse health impacts of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) continues to expand, researchers urge national dietary guideline recommendations and public policies to advise reducing UPF consumption. The team suggests that premature deaths attributable to UPFs increase significantly for populations with higher consumption. However, experts reacting to the study caution against interpreting its details and numerical estimates. They say more research is needed to ascertain a causal link between UPF consumption and diseases or mortality.