Researchers reveal algae could hold next generation of ethical and sustainable proteins

18 Dec 2023 --- As consumer demand for sustainable and ethical food sources intensifies, researchers at the University of Exeter, UK, unveil algae as a promising alternative to animal-derived proteins. The research looks at two commercially prevalent species of algae, revealing high protein content that effectively supports muscle remodeling in young, healthy adults.

“Our work has shown algae could become part of a secure and sustainable food future,” says Ino Van Der Heijden, lead author of the study. “With more and more people trying to eat less meat because of ethical and environmental reasons, there is growing interest in non-animal-derived and sustainably produced protein.”

“We believe it’s important and necessary to start looking into these alternatives and we’ve identified algae as a promising novel protein source.”

Nutrient-dense and sustainable?
According to the researchers, the study — published in the Journal of Nutrition — could mark a significant stride in nutritional science and environmental sustainability, given the growing concern over the environmental impact of traditional livestock farming and the increasing demand for plant-based diets.

Moreover, the study highlights that algae has long been utilized for its nutritional benefits and underscores its role, not just as a supplement, but as a viable primary source of protein.

The scientists state that the strains used are rich in essential amino acids, vitamins and minerals and are emerging as a nutrient-dense option. Additionally, the researchers note that one of the most compelling aspects of algae as a protein source is its minimal environmental footprint.The algae-based proteins increased peak plasma amino acid concentrations in a sample of young athletes.

The study states that, unlike conventional animal farming, algae cultivation requires significantly less land and water resources. Furthermore, algae’s ability to grow in a variety of aquatic environments makes it a highly scalable and sustainable option.

Implications for muscle health
Another facet of the study highlighted by the researchers is its emphasis on muscle remodeling. The researchers investigated the effects of algae-derived proteins from spirulina and chlorella compared to fungal-derived mycoprotein on muscle protein synthesis in humans.

The study included 36 young adults who participated in resistance exercise and consumed drinks with 25 g of either mycoprotein, spirulina or chlorella. Results showed that all proteins increased muscle protein synthesis rates in both rested and exercised muscles, with no significant differences between the groups.

However, spirulina led to a quicker and higher peak in plasma amino acid concentrations, leading the authors to conclude that algae-derived proteins are as effective as mycoprotein in enhancing muscle protein synthesis post-exercise.

The researchers emphasize that, as societies grapple with aging populations and the need for healthy lifestyles, algae-based proteins could offer a crucial solution for muscle maintenance and growth, essential for overall health and mobility.

The study also underscores that algae could emerge as a sustainable protein source and play a crucial role in global food security, as it can be cultivated in diverse environments. It could also offer a solution to food scarcity, particularly in regions where traditional farming is challenging.

Edited by William Bradford Nichols