17 Dec 2015 --- The link between the gut microbiome and obesity seems clear, but just how changes to gut bacteria can cause weight gain is not. But now, a new study in mice from the University of Iowa shows that drug-induced changes to the gut microbiome can cause obesity by reducing the resting metabolic rate - the calories burned while sleeping or resting. The findings, published in the journal eBiomedicine, highlight the critical role of gut microbes in energy balance and suggest that unhealthy microbiome shifts can lead to weight gain and obesity by altering resting metabolism.